Issued by the UNFCCC Article 6.4 Supervisory Body
Submission Date: April 2025
Response(s) to the call for inputs:
Tupsee R. S., Mungroo Z. B. A., Pierre J. D. (2025). Balancing Market Integrity and Institutional Protection: An Analysis of Registry Design Choices for International Carbon Credit Systems Under the UNFCCC Framework.
Mungroo Z. B. A., Tupsee R. S., Pierre J. D. (2025). Case Study of Verra Registry: Protecting Operational Integrity Through Control-Based User Rights.
Pierre J. D., Tupsee R. S., Mungroo Z. B. A. (2025). Legal Implications of Control-Based versus Ownership-Based Frameworks in Carbon Market Registries: A Case Study of the Article 6.4 Mechanism Under the Paris Agreement.
These submissions were presented to the UNFCCC Article 6.4 Supervisory Body at its fifteenth meeting in response to a formal call for stakeholder input on account ownership frameworks. Through comparative registry analysis — including a case study of the Verra Registry — they examine the legal distinction between control-based and ownership-based user rights frameworks and their implications for market integrity, investor protection, and equitable access across the Paris Agreement carbon market. Relevant to international climate lawyers, carbon market governance experts, and registry design practitioners.
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